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This research was performed for examining the potential of combining surface and subsurface water harvesting methods in a catchment. For attaining this goal, the present study was done in the Sangane watershed with an area of 600 ha. In the study area, before construction of the underground dam and the recharged dam, in spite of water crisis, a great portion of the subsurface flows and floods were lost from the country without any utilization and a great portion of livestock water for about 12000 sheep was bought at an expensive price. In the study area, water preparation for livestock purposes was performed by a combination of surface and subsurface water harvesting methods. Annually, the combining method suppliesmore than 20000 cubic meters of water with a suitable quality. The supplied water in an earthy dam not only recharges the underground dam but it is also directly utilized for livestock usages. This research showed that in similar dry and semi-dry areas that were located in the North East of marginal locations of the country, by using this method, a great deal of suitable water for different usages can be supplied and provided.

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Abstract

The purpose of this research is identification of the capabilities of drainage basin beneficiaries who make an appropriate environment for the exploitation of natural areas through utilization of past experience. A wide range of pastures of the country are located in the arid and semi-arid regions and their water resource management is more important than that of other regions due to the limitations of drinking water and the fragility of the pasture’s ecosystems in these regions. Thus, it is very important economically and environmentally as one of the important tools for producing wealth in the objectives of resistive economy. Water shortage, excessive water or its inaccessibility in pastures will lead to non-essential use of this highly valuable resource. The current pattern of water consumption is incompatible with the arid climate in Iran. It also creates obstacles for achieving the country’s goals for development goals and makes them difficult to achieve. The only suggested solution for solving this problem is controlling and inhibiting surplus water and floodwaters from rainfalls with the aim of accumulating rainwater in pastures. In this research, the methods used for collecting rainwater include pitting, embankment, terracing, water cisterns and Faroes.The purpose of this research is the assessment of the effect of the operation of rain water catchments on the economic returns of arid and semi-arid regions along with optimal productivity of pastures in order to implement the aims of the objectives of resistive economy in natural resources sector. This assessment is conducted by using two methods of internal return rate (IRR) and benefit-cost ratio (BCR). The results showed that according to the project’s profitability (2.04 percent) and internal return rate (0.63 percent), the obtained BCR index is larger than one. Therefore,  implementation of the project is justified and it brings high income for ranchers living near the project area. According to the obtained results, the reason is 60 percent due to increased production by the use of corrective actions and 35 percent due to the protection which indicates the positive impact of different corrective actions on vegetation and pastures soil.

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Water crisis in Iran justify the implementation of different water extraction projects. Kashmar flood spreading project has been so costly like other flood spreading projects. Economic evaluation of these activities to determine benefit-cost ratio is essential, because of different views about the results and efficiency of flood spreading projects. Firstly, all costs and incomes of Kashmar flood spreading were determined for given years. Then the economic efficiency of the project was assessed by using the common engineering economic methods. Economic evaluation of this project indicated that the profitability was higher than the cost of implementing it by considering 20% profit, the net present values (NPV) of it is 243944716.8 Rials  which is positive yet. The Benefit- cost ratio (B/C) is 1/74 which showed that the project is economic. Finally, internal rate of return of this project is calculated as 55% that the comparison of this amount to the acceptable minimum  rate namely 20%  has indicated that Kashmar flood spreading project is completely economic.

Keywords:

Water crisis in Iran justify the implementation of different water extraction projects. Kashmar flood spreading project has been so costly like other flood spreading projects. Economic evaluation of these activities to determine benefit-cost ratio is essential, because of different views about the results and efficiency of flood spreading projects. Firstly, all costs and incomes of Kashmar flood spreading were determined for given years. Then the economic efficiency of the project was assessed by using the common engineering economic methods. Economic evaluation of this project indicated that the profitability was higher than the cost of implementing it by considering 20% profit, the net present values (NPV) of it is 243944716.8 Rials  which is positive yet. The Benefit- cost ratio (B/C) is 1/74 which showed that the project is economic. Finally, internal rate of return of this project is calculated as 55% that the comparison of this amount to the acceptable minimum  rate namely 20%  has indicated that Kashmar flood spreading project is completely economic.

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