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Showing 3 results for Hierarchical Analysis
Adel Soltani,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (9-2017)
Abstract
Providing water to people in arid and semi-arid areas of the world is especially important. Therefore, identification of suitable sites for the construction of rainwater harvesting systems is an important step towards maximizing available water for agriculture and other uses. The purpose of this study is to identify areas susceptible to penetration by rainwater, where rainwater can be collected to restore water resources and enhance vegetation cover, and to be used in different ecosystems of Khosrowabad watershed using hierarchical decision making method based on spatial analysis in a GIS environment. In this research, the factors affecting rainwater penetration and storage in the soil profile of Khosrowabad watershed in the city of Sonqor were identified and entered into the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) process. The selected indices were evaluated using a questionnaire and evaluated by experts’, academics’ and specialists’ opinion by group method during the process of value engineering and were later compared individually and in pairs. Then, their importance coefficients were determined and the paired comparison tables completed. The completed tables were analyzed by the special vector method. In this regard, the weight of seven criteria of vegetation, slope, precipitation, land use, hydrological groups, elevation classes and erosion were calculated using MATLABR2009a software and the required layers were prepared in Arc GIS10.3 environment. Then, using natural breaks in GIS environment, the five levels determined as very appropriate, appropriate, moderate, inappropriate, and unsuitable. From 1855/67 hectares, the total area of the catchment area is 862,600 hectares. The total area of the basin has a suitable and very suitable potential for collecting rainwater and 259.49 hectares of the catchment area with inappropriate and very inappropriate potential for this purpose, reflecting the very high capacity of this basin to store and collect rainwater. The results of this study showed that in addition to the precipitation factor which is one of the main factors, the two factors of gradient and soil characteristics in terms of soil hydrological groups are the more important factors for collecting rainwater compared to the rest of factors and have a more significant impact.
Alireza Eslami, Hamze Noor,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (9-2022)
Abstract
Effective and less expensive implementation of plans, protection of projects, and future restoration of structures require the participation of stakeholders in all stages of study, implementation, monitoring, evaluation, and maintenance. Therefore, identifying and classifying indicators and sub-indices that affect people's participation and promoting them in the implementation of watershed and aquifer projects is very important. To this end, the objective of this research is to comparative evaluation of factors affecting people's non-participation from the point of view of watershed residents and also experts in the Asadli Watershed, Bojnord. In this research, factors affecting people's non-participation in watershed projects were classified in the form of four economic, social, education-extension, and design-implementation indicators and 15 sub-indices. In the following, from the point of view of experts (19 people) and stakeholders (31 people), the indicators and sub-indices affecting people's non-participation in watershed management projects were prioritized using the Fuzzy Hierarchical Analysis Process (FHAP) and the Friedman Test. The reliability measurement of the questionnaire was determined via Cronbach's alpha test. The obtained Cronbach's alpha value (= α 0.752) showed that the measuring tool (questionnaire) has good reliability. The results showed that from the point of view of experts and stakeholders, economic indicators and design-implementation have a greater role in people's non-participation than other indicators in the region under investigation. Experts and local societies were of the same opinion regarding the factors affecting non-participation in watershed projects in some cases, including in the field of "tribe and local people differences", "impossibility of issuing exploitation rights", "lack of indigenous knowledge of local people in the field of watershed management", and ”late return of watershed projects". A noteworthy point is the relative importance of the sub-index "lack of attention to local forces in the implementation of the project" from the point of view of both groups (rank 4 and 5 according to local societies and experts, respectively). The ranking results of the sub-indices from the perspective of experts and rural societies showed that the "lack of specific laws to support people's participation in watershed management projects" is the most important and also the sub-index "concentration of decision-making power in the center" is of great importance. However, the biggest difference in the importance of the factors from the perspective of two groups of experts and local communities is related to the sub-indices of "ignoring people's interests as a direct economic incentive" and” lack of consultation with local societies in project needs assessment".
Parviz Bayat, Ali Jafari, Amin Salehpuorjam,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (12-2023)
Abstract
Several factors can cause people's lack of participation in watershed management projects. The current research aims to identify, classify, and prioritize the Bushkan watershed in Bushehr province from the point of view of watershed residents and experts. For this purpose, these factors were identified and classified first. Then, paired comparison and Likert questionnaires were prepared as measurement tools, and the validity of the questionnaires was confirmed based on experts' opinions. After completing the questionnaires, hierarchical analysis was used by 34 expert experts to prioritize the indicators, using the fuzzy hierarchical analysis process. In order to prioritize indicators and sub-indices affecting the lack of sustainable participation of people in watershed projects from the perspective of the watershed residents, a questionnaire with a Likert scale was used as a measurement tool. After measuring the validity and reliability of the survey questionnaire It came to fruition. The sample unit is a rural household, and Cochran's formula was used to calculate the sample size. Based on the number of households in this district (678 households), 245 heads of households completed the questionnaire. The results showed that in the Bushkan watershed, there is a difference between the views of experts and people regarding the indicators of people's non-participation, in such a way that the experts give the design-implementation indicator the first priority, while the people living in the watershed give the education and promotion indicator the best priority. People know about non-participation. The ranking results of the sub-indicators showed that both groups of experts and local communities believe that "the lack of education of the watershed residents regarding the relevant plans and objectives" is the main reason for the lack of participation of local people in watershed management projects. From the point of view of experts, "non-use of local force in the implementation of projects (employment)" and from the point of view of people, "non-use of local promoter group" is in second place.
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