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Investigating the condition and distribution of soluble formations in Iran
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Mohsen Farzin *   |
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Abstract: (56 Views) |
The present study was conducted in a descriptive-analytical and library manner to determine the different levels of soluble formations and their distribution in Iran using quantitative content analysis and measurement methods. The results showed that 21,909,051 hectares, equivalent to 13.3 percent of the land surface of Iran, are covered by soluble formations. Of this amount, 19,432,753 hectares, equivalent to 11.8 percent, 2,186,726 hectares, equivalent to 1.33 percent, and 289,573 hectares, equivalent to 0.18 percent, are related to carbonate, gypsum, and salt formations, respectively. Also, 55 percent of the total soluble formations in the country are located in the Zagros structural zone; this amount for the structural zones of Central Iran, Sanandaj-Sirjan, Kopeh Dagh, Alborz and East-Southeast Iran is 16.5, 8.5, 8, 7.9 and 3.6 percent respectively. The highest share of carbonate formations with 50.8 percent, the highest share of gypsum formations with 94.7 percent and the highest share of salt formations with 70.54 percent is allocated to the Zagros zone. Among the main basins, the Oman Sea and Persian Gulf basins with 49 percent of the country's soluble formations have the highest share, followed by the Central Plateau basin with 29.1 percent. The eastern border basin also has the lowest amount of karst formations in Iran. Karun watershed has the highest share with 12.4 percent of the country's total soluble formations. Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad, Ilam, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Kermanshah and Hamedan provinces have the highest ratio of the total surface area of soluble formations to the provincial surface area with 65.5, 49.9, 48.4, 46.1 and 40.8 percent respectively. In general, with knowledge of the status and distribution of soluble and karst formations, the necessity of presenting a different program for provinces based on the amount of karst surfaces compared to non-karst areas or with lower karst surfaces can be one of the guarantees of sustainable development and implementation of the principles of comprehensive watershed management in different provinces of Iran.
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Article number: 4 |
| Keywords: Diapire, Karst Watershed, Soluble Formation, Zagros |
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
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